By Karl Bantleman

During this article, I will attempt to answer some FAQ's that many people ask about wireless broadband;

Why should I be interested in wireless broadband?

If you only use one computer and the computer is right next to a phone socket then you don't need to be interested but for everyone else wireless broadband is extremely important. A typical household has more than one computer, maybe a laptop or 2 and the only way each one can receive the internet is by having wireless broadband.

Is it secure?

When you set up your cheap broadband service, you will be asked to set up a password for your network. Once this is set up then nobody can access your network without the network key. There are two types of security, WiFi Protected Access (WPA) and Wired Equipment Privacy (WEP), WPA is the one most people are recommended to have as it adds another level of protection to your computer.

Do I need any special equipment?

A wireless ADSL modem router will be needed; this is the device that fits into the phone line. Some providers will issue them as standard but always check because you may have to buy your own. To be able to connect to the wireless you will need a network card for each computer/laptop needing to be connected. Network cards are relatively cheap to buy and easy to get hold of.

What are the disadvantages?

The main one is that all modems have a range and if your computer/laptop is out of that range, it won't pick up any signal and you will lose connection to the internet. Some modems have different speeds, the best way to see what you are entitled to is to take the broadband speed test which will tell you what speed you can expect for your postcode.

The broadband speed test gives you an indication of how fast your broadband service is likely to be. Shop online for the best deals on cheap broadband and start experiencing a faster and higher quality internet.

By Van Theodorou

What is a T1?

A T1 is a high-speed digital circuit that can be used for voice, data or both. The T1 transmits at a high speed, up to 1.544 Mbps, which is faster than many modems. The T1 consists of 24 channels and is typically used for businesses. The circuit is delivered on fiber but can sometimes come to the premise on copper wires. It is engineered to provide the proper speed and performance based on your location and proximity to the nearest telephone central office.

How does a T1 work?

A T1 is an engineered circuit that is connected specifically for your company location. It uses 3 pair of fiber for connection. The circuit comes into your premise and is terminated onto a smart jack. From there it can be extended into your telephone system.

A T1 has 24 channels that are flexible for use by everyone. When a channel is idle it is available. This makes the T1 able to be used by many people. A typical T1 can support between 50 and 100 users. The T1 is accessed by your telephone system through specific programming instructions that are written into your system. When a long distance number is dialed the telephone system will route the call over the T1.

A T1 can be used for both incoming and outgoing calls. Your main number can be routed over the T1 to allow for more simultaneous calls. DIDs (direct inward dial) numbers can be used on a T1. DIDs are direct numbers that can be associated with specific phone users on your system and act as private lines.

Who can use a T1?

T1 circuits are typically engineered for business applications only since they provide such a large amount of channels that can be used for both voice and data. While DSL connections were considered the standard connection in the 1990's, the T1 is a more reliable and faster connection, which is becoming the modern standard for businesses in the 21st century.

A T1 is an affordable solution for most small to mid-sized businesses. There are one-time installation costs to consider, however, these costs are easily made up in the substantial cost savings that you will get during the first year in service. There are many T1 providers to choose from. Some areas require the use of a CSU (customer service unit) with the T1. This provides a test point, which can be used to fix any problems if they occur.

Is a T1 reliable?

A T1 is one of the most reliable circuits you can get. The T1 is an engineered circuit, which is tested fully from point to point at installation. Problems are rare but often can be corrected remotely. T1 circuits are constantly monitored at the central office so any issues can be corrected quickly. When choosing a T1 for long distance be sure to include a service contract that will properly take care of your possible service needs.

Article written by Van Theodorou, he will help you slash your Voice T1 prices expenses by over 43%, and receive more T1 education at his T1 Learning Center

By Liam Gerken

Since the advent and wide-spread acceptance of "always on" broadband internet connections, online criminals are finding it easier than ever to gain access to sensitive and personal information.

In 2007, 61% of Britain was connected to the internet, that's around 15m homes. For the majority of those with broadband connections, their computer becomes connected to the internet as soon as it is turned on.

This has essentially made us very vulnerable to online hackers and fraudsters. Such people use a wide range of motives, methods and techniques to obtain our personal information (namely bank details, and other "secure" information)

It's important to note that the purpose of this article is not to make you fearful of the internet, but educate you on the methods that hackers use, so you can be more aware on how to protect your information.

Put simply, there are two ways in which hackers can attack your computer; these are discussed in more detail below.

Externally

This involves the attacker "probing" your computer, in the hopes of exposing any weaknesses in which they can gain access to your information.

Typical methods include; subnet scanning, port scanning, packet sniffing, e-mail eaves dropping, DOS attacks and "Phishing".

Internally

This method often involves users' unknowingly downloading malicious programs, sometimes referred to as "malware" to their computer systems. Malware often appears harmless software, and is usually transferred via email or downloaded from what appear legitimate sites.

Typical methods and malicious applications include; Trojan's, viruses, rouge diallers, key loggers, spyware and "pharming" sites.

The above are just a few examples of how hackers can use your broadband connection to gain access to your personal information; new methods are being created daily. It is for this reason that you must ensure your broadband connection is as secure as it can be. There is a wealth of information, as well as cheap broadband deals available on the web.

By Shaun Sullivan

Ethernet is a fairly new type of broadband usually confined to a particular building or dense metro area. Although ethernet technology has been in use since the 1970s within local area networks, it only recently has been in use as a wide area network transmission medium as well.

Ethernet for broadband can be delivered over fiber optic cables installed throughout an entire building (also known as "lit" or "on-net") which can substantially reduce normal provisioning time for clients residing in that building. But the main advantage is that ethernet over fiber can be run at native speeds of 10, 100, or 1000 Mbps (also known as Gig E), which is a major leap forward compared to traditional forms of accessing bandwidth.

In the past, ethernet was just a protocol used to transport the "data", so limitations of the underlying transport mechanism applied. For example Ethernet-over-T1 (via copper) operated at a maximum data rate of 1.544 Mbps, and Ethernet-over-DS3 operated at a max of 45 Mbps. Now because of the fact that new equipment specially made for extending ethernet's range have entered the market, limitations have been significantly reduced or eliminated altogether. It's now possible to augment and lengthen the bandwidth of a fiber lit building by using ordinary copper wires, via a new concept termed as Ethernet-over-Copper (EoC) or Ethernet-over-Serial/DS1 (EoS). This is speculated to revolutionize the industry if/when it becomes widely supported by the fiber carrying telcos. Ethernet provides significant cost savings over SONET, ATM, or Frame Relay circuits, and is the best technology for support of IP applications.

Over time, Metro Ethernet will overwhelm SONET in the MAN/WAN market. Ethernet is cheaper, has better economies of scale and allows for simpler, more unified networks. Ethernet is at the gates, and it's coming in. The market for managed Metro Ethernet services is expected to grow by 30 per cent a year until 2010, when it will top $25 billion worldwide.

Shaun Sullivan
Telecommunications Broker/Consultant
Ph: (512) 342-2173
TF: (877) 993-2804
info@bandwidthseek.net
http://www.bandwidthseek.net

By John Savageau

Accessing information and interactive resources available around the globe via the Internet is a pretty simple task. In a carefree Internet world, the dynamics of connecting to resources are transparent, and we expect resources we want to access are available through our local Internet service provider. Technical details of connecting to Internet resources are an abstract concept for most, and whatever mechanics happen behind the scenes are not relevant to our everyday use of the network.

Because the Internet is made up of a complex matrix of physical, business and international relationships, how these systems interact and collaborate is actually very important to the end user, as well as to those providing Internet services and content. Of the greatest concern impacting online resources from eBay to the Bank of America is the potential financial pressure brought on by the largest Tier 1 networks. As the only networks in the world having global Internet visibility, these few companies, including AT&T, Sprint, Verizon, Level 3, and Cable and Wireless, facilitate access to the global Internet - a function which people and companies worldwide depend on to ensure small networks and content providers are available through their local service providers.

The Tier 1 world was born at the demise of NSFNet (National Science Foundation Network). In the early days of Internet development, the NSF supported development of a large publicaly funded academic and research network throughout the United States, and connecting many foreign academic networks to the US as a hub through the International Connections Manager (ICM Network). As commercial Internet development grew in the early 1990s, the NSF realized it was time to back away from publicaly funding the "Internet" and grant contracts to large US carriers to take over responsibility for the former US Domestic backbone and ICM portions of the NSFNet.

Small Internet exchange points (IXPs) were also funded, allowing the large networks taking over NSFNet assets, as well as their own commercial Internets to connect and share Internet traffic. Those network access points (NAPs) were also contracted to the large US carriers, who managed policies for US and International network exchange. The large US carriers ultimately had control of the networks, and were the original Tier 1 Internet providers.

Roadblocks in the Internet Community

Debates around net neutrality highlight some underlying issues. The goal of net neutrality is to preserve the open and interconnected nature of the public Internet. But whether the largest networks use their control to hinder growth and innovation within the Internet-connect business community or impede free access to Internet-connected content sources, they have the power and control which could present challenges to an open Internet environment.

A Tier 1 network, for example, has the power to charge a major content delivery network (CDN) a premium to access its network. This is because the CDN may deliver a very large amount of content traffic into a network, and the Tier 1 network believes they should receive additional compensation to fund additional capacity needed to support content distribution. This premium may be more money than the CDN is willing or able to pay. In turn, if the CDN doesn't comply, the Tier 1 can ultimately refuse the CDN access to its network and cut its consumers access to the CDN's content. This applies whether consumers access the Tier 1 directly or if the Tier 1 is the middle-network between consumers and their Tier 2 or 3 networks.

A voice over Internet Protocol Company underscores another potential conflict of interest. Let's say you're a consumer of a Tier 1 network that's also a telephone company and you want to use a VoIP company, such as Vonage. But the Tier 1 doesn't want the VoIP company to compete with its network and would rather that you use its own telephone product, so the Tier 1 may prevent you from using your VoIP company. In other words, a Tier 1, in developing its own commercial VoIP product, can prevent non-owned VoIP traffic from passing through its network.

While Tier 1 networks hold value for much of the Internet world, they also impose many political and financial barriers on smaller networks, content delivery networks, emerging VoIP companies, online gaming businesses, B2B and online commerce, and entertainment web sites. It is evident that Internet Service Providers (ISPs), CDNs, VoIPs, and many others need an alternative method of communicating with each other - one providing tools to redesign how relationships and interconnections bond the US Internet content and access communities.

Breaking Down Barriers

One objective in building efficiency and the performance needed to deliver content resources to end users is to flatten existing Internet architecture. Whenever possible, you eliminate the Tier 1 Internet networks from participating in the delivery of content resources to end users.

How do we accomplish this task? One option is through development and use of commercial Internet Exchange Points (IXPs), a location where many Internet-enabled networks and content resources meet to interconnect with each other as peers.

According to Wikipedia, an IXP is a physical infrastructure that allows different Internet Service Providers to exchange Internet traffic between their networks (autonomous systems) by means of mutual peering agreements, which allows traffic to be exchanged without cost. An IXP is essentially a physical switch in a carrier hotel or data center with the capacity to connect thousands of networks together, whether content providers or network providers.

Today at the Any2 Exchange, an IXP built within One Wilshire, on a single switch 125 different networks interconnect and are freely able to pass traffic amongst each other without having to go to a Tier 1 for routing. Members pay a small annual fee to the Any2 Exchange for the one-time connection and then benefit from the "peering" relationships among members of the Internet exchange.

Akamai, for example, a large content distribution network company that delivers streaming media and movies on demand, can connect to American Internet Services, a Tier 3 ISP in San Diego, Calif., through a local or regional Internet exchange point such as the Any2 Exchange, the Palo Alto Internet Exchange (PAIX), or other large exchange points operated by data centers and carrier hotels.

When an American Internet Services user wants to watch a movie that's available on Akamai's content delivery network, the data is passed directly from Akamai to American Internet Services - and subsequently to the end user - without transiting any other network. Not only has the goal of being less reliant on a Tier 1 been achieved, but the performance is superior because there are no "hops" between the CSP and ISP. Anytime you're able to cut out the transit network, you increase the end user experience. Plus, it's more economical, as in moist cases the CDN and ISP have no financial settlement for data exchanged.

The European IXP model, which is more mature and robust than the US model, highlights the important function of IXPs and how an exchange point alone can help influence the net neutrality debate. In Europe, Internet service providers and content delivery networks look to the IXP as their first connection point and if the IXP doesn't have what they're looking for, only then will they go to a Tier 1 or large Tier 2. Americans on the other hand, partially due to geographic size

Overall European IXP traffic grew at a rate of 11.05%, compared to America's rate of 7.44%, according to the European Internet Exchange Association in August 2007. This can be attributed in part to greater member density in Europe - the London Internet Exchange/LINX has more than 275 members - where the larger the addressable community, the larger the traffic exchanged and the more the members want to get involved. After all, network effect (exponential growth of a community) and the "Law of Plentitude" (the idea that once an addressable or social community reaches participation by 15% or greater of a total community, it becomes a risk to not participate in the emerging community) motivate European companies to use IXPs. Additionally, Europeans generally have lower entry costs for participation, giving companies every reason why to participate in the IXP-enabled peering community. If one were to buy access to 275 networks through a Tier 1, the cost would be astronomical, but through a single connection to LINX, one can access 275 networks for a nominal fee. This is why European companies rely on IXPs 60% of the time, and only look to Tier 1 or 2 networks 40% of the time.

In contrast, American ISPs normally look to larger wholesale and Internet transit providers first and then consider reducing their operational expenses via an IXP as a second priority. American ISPs companies use IXPs at a more meager 15% rate, looking to larger wholesale and transit Tier 1 or Tier 2 networks 85% of the time. Still, recent American IXP traffic growth does exceed other regions, such as Japan (+5.85% in August) and the rest of Asia (+4.3% in August), which we believe is a result of increased price pressure on the American IXP industry. Newer IXPs, such as the Any2 Exchange, have lowered entry costs significantly, forcing others to follow suit and encouraging more networks to participate. As the cost of entry to IXPs continues to fall, participation in IXPs will become more common and attractive to all access and CDN networks.

What can we learn from the European model? Participation in an IXP can increase performance, lower operational costs and expenses, as well as bring an additional layer of redundancy and disaster recovery capacity to even the smallest networks. But most important, companies' independence from Tier 1s through the collective bargaining of the exchange points puts them in a stronger position to deal with large networks than our position allows for in the US, where the vast majority of people have their primary Internet connections through a large Tier 2 or Tier 1 network provider.

Adding to the Cause

Today's content-rich Internet is just a prelude to the future content, media, applications and services soon to be developed and deployed. It's no wonder that in large IXPs, such as the Amsterdam Internet Exchange (AMS-IX), there are already several content delivery networks using bundled 10Gbps ports, clearly showing end users' insatiable demand for high bandwidth applications and services. High Definition Internet TV (IPTV), massive online interactive gaming, video on demand (VOD), and feature-rich communications (video conferencing) are just a few examples of Internet-enabled applications contributing to the heightened demand.

For American ISPs that pay anywhere from $20-to-$40/Mbps when connecting to Tier 1 and Tier 2 networks, the cost of delivering applications and services to end users who require much larger network and bandwidth resources is one of the obstacles that needs to be overcome. But without broad participation in IXPs, access networks have a difficult future, as do content providers who will find that the cost of delivery to end users becomes much more expensive if Tier 1 and Tier 2 networks increase the cost of delivering both wholesale and end user Internet traffic.

What Can the American Internet-Connected Community Do?

Whether through price increases or monopolistic practices, the largest networks are currently writing the rules for a global Internet product. They are gradually merging and acquiring competition, reinforcing their influence in wholesale and transit network share and presence. Opportunities for network peering decrease with each merger.

Carrier hotels and large data centers in the US can support positive change in the Internet peering community by creating or supporting open and low cost Internet Exchange points promoting network peering and content delivery to all networks.

Reducing barriers to entry and the cost of wholesale or transit networks will allow Internet network and content companies to focus on delivering network access and services, with the ultimate winner being end users who will enjoy a lower cost, higher performance Internet experience.

==============

Sidebar

Networking professionals describe Internet tiers as:

Tier 1 - A network with visibility of every other network and route on the Internet. Tier 1 networks have a unique position within the Internet, as the custodians of global routing. Tier 1 networks attempt to maintain their status by setting high barriers to entry for other large networks attempting to gain similar status. Tier 1 networks rarely peer with other networks, keeping their settlement-free interconnection community restricted to other Tier 1 networks.

Tier 2 - A regional network peering with other regional networks, but still relies on Tier 1 networks to reach at least routes and networks. Tier 2 Internet networks frequently peer at public Internet exchanges to connect to other Tier 2 networks, as well as large content delivery networks. In some cases regional Tier 2 and global Tier 2 networks are actually larger than their Tier 1 networks, with the only limitation being their global network visibility.

Tier 3 - An access network purchasing wholesale Internet access or transit from other larger networks to reach the global Internet. Tier 3s frequently participate in public Internet exchange points to try an minimize the costs associates with buying wholesale and transit routes or access from larger Tier 1 and Tier 2 networks. Tier 3 networks make up the majority of the global Internet, as the Internet access providers whom actually connect with end users.

Content Delivery Networks (CDN) - Suppliers of information, entertainment, applications, and other interactive resources available to end users of the Internet. CDNs can either supply their own content, or act as a cache or distributor of other company's content.

John Savageau is a managing director at CRG-West, responsible for managing operations and architecture for several of the largest telecommunications interconnect facilities in the US, including One Wilshire in Los Angeles. He has extensive experience in telecommunications contruction, operations, and network engineering with prior positions at Sprint International, MagicNet Mongolia, Level 3 International, and the US Air Force.

By Jay Tillotson

Over half of us don't bother to read the small print when signing a contract with a broadband provider. We trust in the company we are signing with, and assume that nothing will go wrong. Perhaps it won't; you may be one of the lucky ones who never fall foul of a cleverly worded clause. But for the rest of us, it's important to know what we're signing. So read the terms and conditions carefully and watch out for the following:

Setup fees

Some providers will ask you for an upfront charge for equipment and connection. This can be anywhere between ฃ20 and ฃ40. In itself that isn't too bad, but there are companies which will also ask for the first two months subscription upfront too, which bumps up the initial cost considerably.

Introductory offers

If you see a sign advertising broadband 'for only ฃ6.49 a month' you'd jump at it, right? Well, look before you leap. Often this low price is only for the first three months after signing, then the price can double for the rest of the term. Watch out for this, it's a common ploy used to lure customers into a contract, then charge them when they can't afford the increased payments.

Exceeding the download capacity

Unless you have paid for an unlimited download package, you may fall foul of this. A download is any data you receive from the web, be it a movie, a song or even just looking at a website. So if you browse a lot and download music too, you run the risk of exceeding your capacity. Some providers can charge as much as ฃ2 per GB over your limit. Avoid this by assessing your usage and going for the maximum you think you'll need, rather than the cheapest.

Payment charges

Think how you intend to pay for your service. Many providers charge you extra for not paying by direct debit. This can be anything from ฃ3.50 to ฃ5 per month.

Helpline charges

If something goes wrong - and it probably will - you'll need to call the helpline. Helpline costs can vary greatly; from 3.5p per minute up to a staggering ฃ1.05. Considering you'll probably be on hold for quite a while, this can work out incredibly expensive. Look for a provider who offers free helpline calls.

Late payment fees

If you are late with a payment, you could be faced not only with a charge from your bank, but some providers will disconnect your service and charge you for doing so. They may also charge you an administration fee for a late payment. If you think you may struggle making payments on time, look for a provider with lower penalty charges.

Contract termination fees

This is the one to watch out for. Some providers like you to commit to them for a minimum of 12 or 18 months, and charge you if you cancel your subscription within this time. All well and good if the service is fine and you just want a better deal, but if the service is shoddy you may resent having to pay to escape it. If you have any problems with your service, keep records of all correspondence and use it as proof if you need to contest a cancellation fee.

No minimum contract

If a provider says there is no minimum contract, this doesn't mean you can leave at any time and avoid getting charged. There will still be a cancellation fee, they just don't want to put you off with the words 'minimum contract'.

If you can find the right provider, broadband is a wonderful thing to have. Just don't fall foul of these little tricks. Shop around, examine terms and conditions carefully, and don't be afraid to question anything with the provider. Make sure you know precisely what you're signing, and you should avoid any nasty surprises a few months down the line.

Slow broadband? Take a broadband speed test and find out how slow your connection is. Search for faster, cheap broadband online.

J Tillotson is a UK author specialising in technology and communications

By Michael Lemm

This is an issue to which every independent ISP -- wireless or not -- must pay attention. The regulations and legislation that are now being proposed will threaten the businesses of all independent ISPs. This is vital, folks! If independent ISPs don't get active on this issue, you may all be toast.

While WISPS are thankful that winter is over and are gearing up for spring, the FCC and Congress are considering regulations and laws that would put them out of business.

The issue: "Network Neutrality." Originally a benign concept which simply stated that ISPs should not leverage their positions in anticompetitive ways (e.g. the cable company blocking online video or the telcos blocking VoIP), the term has now been "hijacked" by vested interests who seek to impose regulations that would prevent ISPs from managing their bandwidth, blocking ports used by worms, preventing P2P from taking over their networks, or even selling different connection speeds at different prices!

What is amazing is that the FCC and Congressional aides have had little or no contact/discussions with any small ISP or WISP... and that they had been told repeatedly by advocates of "Network Neutrality" that competition for the cable and telephone companies was dead! They still apparently believe this, and are preparing to unleash regulations and legislation that will deal serious blows to cable companies and telcos but could very easily kill small ISPs and WISPs.

All independent ISPs, and especially WISPs, need to speak out on this issue.

WISPA filed no comments or reply comments in the proceeding, nor has it filed any ex parte memoranda in the docket. (You file an ex parte memorandum when you go to speak to staff or Commissioners at the FCC about an issue.) So, it does not appear to be lobbying at all on this important issue. The only ISP trade association that has filed anything is Part-15.org (Michael Anderson), and that filing was short, vague, and (based on comments from staffers within the FCC) insufficiently persuasive. ISPs and especially WISPs need to speak up on this issue. The proposed regulations would prevent you from throttling or blocking P2P .... allowing it to take over your networks and rob your bandwidth for the benefit of companies that use it to distribute content.

They might also force you to charge by the bit, raising your prices and/or making it impossible for you to compete with wired services in areas where you overlap with them. One FCC Commissioner has stated that he wants the FCC to make up rules as it goes along, penalizing ISPs on a complaint basis without any prior warning of what behavior might be penalized. It's unfortunate that independent ISPs seem utterly blind to the fact that all of this is going on! That's why independent ISPs need to form a coalition to address this specific issue. If you do not, you'll likely be blindsided by regulations that make it impossible for you to continue in business.

Some of you believe that it is your job to provide bandwidth, not to decide what end users do with that bandwidth. To me, it is obvious that Comcast's practice of playing man in the middle with PTP traffic is wrong, immoral, and bad for the network. In markets where Comcast is the only option, it is understandable that users are screaming for regulation. If their network, or your network for that matter, is being taken over by PTP then they are selling too much bandwidth to their users at too low a price. Perhaps they should re-structure their service plans to include per-month bandwidth caps or fees for usage over $X. A move away from advertising insanely high speeds on oversold connections with a 1 to 100 over-subscription would be a win for all of you

On the other hand, Service providers need to be able to prioritize traffic in a uniform manner by type while being prohibited from managing traffic by source or destination. If you are prioritizing VOIP traffic to your own VOIP service, you should be required to prioritize VOIP traffic to any other destination.

Right now, there are a large number of organizations arrayed against you. An organization called the "Network Neutrality Squad" is advocating that the government regulate and micromanage ISPs. Some of its demands include that ISPs not operate caching Web proxies, not block Port 25 to limit SPAM, not prioritize traffic (even VoIP), and not limit bandwidth hogging by P2P.

The EFF, a group called "Save the Internet", and a number of commercial enterprises (e.g. Vuze, Inc. and BitTorrent, Inc.) whose businesses use P2P to dump costs on ISPs ..... have also been very active. And small, independent ISPs have been no-shows at the FCC hearing at Harvard, at the hearing two weeks ago before the House Judiciary Committee's Antitrust subcommittee, and in virtually every other forum on the subject to date.

The FCC will be having a second hearing at Stanford University in mid-April, and ISPs need to call the Commission and ask to be on the panel. You also need to file comments in FCC Docket 07-52 and visit with the Commissioners and their staffs. You also need to call your Congressmen and Senators, especially if they sit on the House Commerce Committee, and get in on the Congressional hearings. At this point, you must take immediate and strident action to turn the tide, because it is running very much against you -- mainly due to your failure to speak up.

You need to speak up, as most lawmakers are totally oblivious when it comes to the internet and are apt to propose, and even pass, inane laws and regulations. However, you should take a long look at your own practices and advocate what is right over what is best for your business model.

See this "Seven Principles" document for one person's take on what's reasonable to demand of ISPs and what is not -- as well as the reciprocal responsibilities of users and content providers.

I'm concerned that so many WISPS are ignoring this potentially dangerous legislation. You can NOT ignore these issues and assume they will go away or evolve into a reasonable and logical determination that will support you. You MUST be proactive and your comments MUST stay pointed and on topic.

Or you can just blindly go about your business and let things happen to you.

Michael is the owner of FreedomFire Communications....including DS3-Bandwidth.com and Business-VoIP-Solution.com. Michael also authors Broadband Nation where you're always welcome to drop in and catch up on the latest BroadBand news, tips, insights, and ramblings for the masses.